Pattern
If + past perfect, would have + past participle
If I had known, I would have helped.
Third conditional
Третій conditional
Third conditional описує уявний результат у минулому: щось не сталося, але ми уявляємо інший сценарій.
Conditionals · concept
Formula
Negative
If + had not + past participle, would have...
If we had not missed the bus...
Order change
Would have + past participle + if + past perfect
I would have called if I had had time.
When to use
Використовуй third conditional, коли говориш про нереальний минулий сценарій.
If she had studied, she would have passed.
Якби вона вчилася, вона б склала.
Ця структура часто звучить як жаль або аналіз помилки.
If I had left earlier, I would have arrived on time.
Якби я вийшов раніше, я б приїхав вчасно.
Можна говорити про можливість, яку втратили.
We would have joined you if we had known.
Ми б приєдналися, якби знали.
Common mistakes
В if-clause потрібен Past Perfect.
X
If I knew, I would have helped.
Якби я знав, я б допоміг.
✓
If I had known, I would have helped.
Якби я знав, я б допоміг.
Після would have потрібна третя форма дієслова.
X
She would have pass the test.
Вона б склала тест.
✓
She would have passed the test.
Вона б склала тест.
Не став would в if-clause.
X
If I would have seen you, I would have said hello.
Якби я тебе побачив, я б привітався.
✓
If I had seen you, I would have said hello.
Якби я тебе побачив, я б привітався.